Preface vii About the Author viii Examination Analysis– CLAT and AILET ix Section A Legal Awareness v Chapter 1 Legal G.K. (An Introductory Chart): A Ready Reckoner 1.3 General Exceptions: Sections 76–106 of the Indian Penal Code 1.5 Murder Distinguished From Culpable Homicide 1.6 Difference between Assault, Affray and Riot 1.8 Difference between kidnapping and abduction 1.8 Difference between Theft, Criminal Misappropriation and Cheating 1.9 Difference between Theft, Extortion, Robbery and Dacoity 1.9 Bailable and Non-Bailable Offences: Distinctions 1.10 Cognizable and Non-Cognizable Offences: Distinctions 1.10 Acquittal and Discharge: Distinctions 1.11 Compoundable and Non-Compoundable Offences: Distinctions 1.11 Section 34 and Section 149: Dinstinctions 1.11 Rape and Adultery: Distinctions 1.12 Civil Law 1.13 Law of Torts: It is a Branch of Law which has Evolved Through Judicial Pronouncements 1.18 Vicarious Liability, Strict Liability and Absolute Liability 1.19 Doctrine of Strict Liability and Absolute Liability 1.20 Doctrine Of Absolute Liability 1.20 Torts In Relation To Persons 1.21 Constitutional Law of India at a Glance 1.29 Schedules to the Constitution 1.29 Parts of the Constitution 1.29 Constitution of India: ‘a Bag of Borrowings’ 1.30 List of Important Amendments 1.31 Facts about Making of Indian Constitution and its Features 1.34 The Preamble and its Importance 1.35 Union and its territory and reorganization of states 1.36 Articles related to Fundamental Rights 1.37 Directive Principles of State Policy of the Indian Constitution 1.40 Union Executive 1.41 Vice-President 1.44 The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers 1.45 Attorney General 1.45 Comptroller And Auditor General 1.45 Motion 1.49 Supreme Court of India 1.49 High Court 1.51 Union–State Relations 1.55 Status of Jammu and Kashmir – Now 1.58 Chapter 2 Jurisprudence – Understanding Law, Its Growth, Sources & Functions 1.59 Jurisprudence – Introduction 1.59 Law as a Concept 1.61 Sources of Law 1.61 Schools of Law 1.63 Savigny’s Contribution 1.70 Concepts Of Law 1.79 Practice Exercise 1.88 Chapter 3 Legal Lexicon 1.112 Practice Exercise 1.112 Chapter 4 Constitutional Law (Set: I) 1.136 Practice Exercise 1.136 Chapter 5 Constitutional Law (Set: II) 1.166 Practice Exercise 1.166 Chapter 6 Public International Law 1.209 Practice Exercise 1.209 Section B Legal Reasoning Chapter 7 Civil Law 2.3 Practice Exercise 2.3 Chapter 8 Criminal Law 2.42 Practice Exercise 2.42 Chapter 9 Law of Torts 2.68 Practice Exercise 2.68 Section C Previous Years’ Papers CLAT and AILET CLAT 2019 3.3 CLAT 2018 3.12 CLAT 2017 3.22 AILET 2019 3.33 AILET 2018 3.41 AILET 2017 3.50 Section D Previous Years’ Papers DU (LAW) DU (LAW) 2019 4.3 DU (LAW) 2018 4.12 DU (LAW) 2017 4.22 DU (LAW) 2016 4.31 DU (LAW) 2015 4.45 Section E Mock Test Based on CLAT 2020 Pattern CLAT – 2020 5.3 vi | Contents