Sudhakar Dwivedi (1860–1922) was a distinguished Indian scholar of Sanskrit, mathematics, and astronomy. He served as a librarian and taught mathematics and astrology at the Government Sanskrit College in Varanasi. Fluent in English, French, and Marathi, Dwivedi edited and wrote Sanskrit commentaries on numerous mathematical-astronomical works, in addition to authoring books on modern mathematics. His published works include editions of the कठोपनिषद् (Kathopanishad), a principal Upanishad.